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Trencsén county (in Latin: comitatus Trentsiniensis/Trenchiniensis, in Hungarian Trencsén (vár) megye, in Slovak Trenčiansky komitát/ Trenčianska stolica/ Trenčianska župa, in German Trentschiner Gespanschaft/Komitat) is the name of a historic administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is presently in western Slovakia.
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Trencsén county shared borders with the Austrian lands Moravia and Galicia and the Hungarian counties Árva (Orava), Turóc (Turiec) and Nyitra (Nitra). The county's territory was a strip in the extreme northwestern edge of present-day Slovakia, i. e. the territory between the Czech border, the town of Nové Mesto nad Váhom, the Turóc county, the Árva county and the Polish border. The river Váh flowed through the county. Its area was 4456 km² around 1910.
The capital of Trencsén county was the Trenčín Castle, and from around 1650 the town of Trenčín.
A predecessor of the Trencsén county existed already in the 9th century, at the time of Great Moravia. Its center was in Ducové. In the 10th and 11th century, the county was probably temporarily part of Bohemia and then temporarily of Poland (castellania Trecen).
The Trencsén county as a Hungarian comitatus arose at the end of the 11th century, when most parts of the territory were conquered by the Kingdom of Hungary. Traditionally, the office of hereditary lord lieutenant of Trencsén county was held by the Csák, Cseszneky and Illésházy families.
In the aftermath of World War I, Trencsén county became part of newly formed Czechoslovakia, as recognized by the concerned states in the 1920 Treaty of Trianon. The Trenčín county (Trenčianska župa) continued to exist till 1922, but it had completely different powers, etc.
When Slovakia became independent temporarily between 1939 and 1945, the Trenčín county was created again in 1940, but its territory was slightly extended. After World War II Trenčín county was in Czechoslovakia again. In 1993, Czechoslovakia was split and Trenčín became part of Slovakia.
Population by language (1910 manipulated[1][2] census by the ruling Hungarian bureaucracy):
In the early 20th century, the subdivisions of Trencsén/Trenčín county were:
| Districts (járás) | |
|---|---|
| District | Capital |
| Bán | Bán, SK Bánovce nad Bebravou |
| Csaca | Csaca, SK Čadca |
| Illava | Illava, SK Ilava |
| Kiszucaújhely | Kiszucaújhely, SK Kysucké Nové Mesto |
| Nagybiccse | Nagybiccse, SK Bytča |
| Puhó | Puhó, SK Púchov |
| Trencsén | Trencsén, SK Trenčín |
| Vágbeszterce | Vágbeszterce, SK Považská Bystrica |
| Zsolna | Zsolna, SK Žilina |
| Urban districts (rendezett tanácsú város) | |
| Trencsén, SK Trenčín | |
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